Community corrections in various locales across the United States have similar ___________. 648,000 A(n) ________ is a complex whole consisting of interdependent parts whose operations are directed toward common goals and influenced by the environment in which they function. 93 percent of the adult prison population is: WebFinally, judges often "appeal-proof" their judgements, but giving a shorter sentence isn't a tactic they use. >>Plea Bargaining a. Pennsylvania c. significantly affected the delivery of programs. b. a. ceased to show a limited understanding of the contemporary prison. a. is well below that of men. One key method shown to prevent AIDS transmission is through _________. b. reintegration Home confinement is best suited to ________. c. elderly b. fewer problems with those prisoners who are known politicians Response to crime was viewed as essentially a private affair prior to the ______ century. The _______ came to be known as the Era of Treatment, in which many states adopted the medical model of corrections. a. the Department of the Interior. A common strategy in dealing with clients with substance dependency problems is _____. Critics of private prisons charge that the profit incentive may result in _________. Retained earnings WebFurther, judges may be constrained in their sentencing decisions by concerns regarding Indigenous offenders ability to do time in prison and the broader social cost of incarceration on Indigenous families and communities. b. women's sentences are generally short. They relieve the tensions of prison life. In the United States v. Booker decision, the Supreme Court found that sentencing guidelines should be treated as _______. A majority of imprisoned veterans are incarcerated for _______ offenses. Depriving a person of the ability to commit crimes against society, usually by detention in prison, is ___________. One of the most troubling trends in jails is the rate of incarceration for _______. 275,000 Here are comparative statement data for Dean Company and Gerald Company, two competitors. a. African American. >>Instructions to the Jury Which Amendment helps to ensure procedural due process and equal protection of the law for people in prison? Punishment of criminals that is intended to be an example to the public and to discourage the commission of offenses by others is known as _________. >>Jury Deliberations Early evaluations of intensive supervision found that __________. decrease the money supply in the following situations. b. the Secret Service. Prisons designed to hold the "toughest of the tough" are called ______. A ________ report is prepared by a probation officer, who investigated a convicted person's background to help the judge select an appropriate sentence. c. sometimes d. has not been calculated. The concept of _______ focuses on the nature of the criminal act alone. c. They permit individuals to act according to clearly defined roles and rules Prior to the 1960s, courts maintained a(n) __________ with respect to corrections. c. 1 billion Regaining custody of children a small number of people are responsible for a disproportionate number of violent and property crimes. All these activities are part of _______. Recently, there has been a major emphasis on program to _______ individuals awaiting trial. a. in prison. >>Bringing the Charge In 1927, Howard Gill tried to implement the medical model by designing Norfolk State Prison Colony in the style of a. c. in shock incarceration The graph in Figure 3P-4 shows supply and demand in the market for automobiles. WebWhen the questioning is complete, the attorneys for both sides meet with the judge to pick the jury for the trial. .presentence investigation Judges and magistrates are sometimes criticised for giving a particular sentence, normally when it is thought to be too short or the wrong type of sentence for the crime. At present, the focus of corrections has shifted to: enhance rehabilitative efforts to punish people after they commit crimes. Over __________ dollars in fines is collected annually in the United States. b. telephone pole design b. If the defendant is convicted in a criminal case, the judge will set a date for sentencing. Factors of Western criminal law are all of the following EXCEPT __________. Elizabeth Fry was instrumental in the women's prison movement and advocated for which of the following: c. Commissary privileges are a right for all inmates. WebJudges sometimes complain that their sentencing choices are: a. indeterminate. b. solitary confinement. Inside women's facilities there has been a recent escalation of: Name the 18th-century scholar who applied the rationalist philosophy of the Enlightenment to the criminal justice system. His bank offers him an APR of 3.32% He wants to compare monthly payments on a 20- and a 30-year mortgage. Judges may use a range of ________ sanctions from those exerting a low level of control to those exerting a high level of control. d. super max. d. maternal. 60 to 70 percent b. less severely the pains of imprisonment are felt. The judge may read sections of applicable laws. In which case did the Supreme Court uphold a state prison ban on correspondence between people in prison in different correctional institutions? _______ refers to a type of probation granted with conditions of strict reporting to a probation officer with a limited caseload. >>Settling Cases d. elderly inmate. The sociological theory known as the "subculture of violence" argues that violence is primarily found in the __________ subculture. According to the concept of _________, people convicted of crimes are returned to society once they are treated. c. supervision intensive program c. greater the influence rehabilitative programs will have on inmates. >>Pre-trial Procedures in Civil Cases Which of the following does NOT describe local jail officers and staff employed in the United States today? b. segregated in prisons but not jails. c. gang tensions The cost of maintaining a(n) ______ prison resident is much higher than costs associated with other incarcerated populations. Today's prison construction is greatly influenced by ________. c. cost. Who argued that crime is normal and that punishment performs the important role in spotlighting social rules and values? The concept of separate confinement was introduced in several different locations; which one became the fullest expression of rehabilitation through separate confinement? d. shocked the public. Describe the type Treatment options for people in jail are mainly limited by ______. b. offenders with substance abuse issues.