Some of Nebuchadnezzar's achievements included: Nebuchadnezzar also conquered the cities of Tyre, Moab, Ammon, and Edom. Scholar Paul Kriwaczek notes: Nebuchadnezzar marked the city's regained status by raising it to its greatest prominence ever. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. WebNebuchadnezzar was a warrior-king, often described as the greatest military leader of the Neo-Babylonian empire. "Who Was King Nebuchadnezzar in the Bible?" The garden was shaped like a theater, and Nebuchadnezzar and Amytis liked to sit on their thrones opposite the Hanging Gardens and look out at them while enjoying some wine in their jeweled calices. Who Was King Nebuchadnezzar in the Bible? Diodorus' description of the gardens appears in his book in the section on the semi-mythical Assyrian queen Semiramis and it is possible he was conflating a story concerning her, of which there were many, with a later story concerning Nebuchadnezzar II and Amytis. Babylon is also referred to in the New Testament as being a wicked city of sin. He was the eldest son of a Babylonian general in the Assyrian army, Nabu-apla-usur (Nabu, Protect My Son), better known as Nabopolassar. Echoes of this expedition against Qedar and the E Jordan area are found in Jeremiah 48; 49:28-33. He was the heir of his father Nabopolassar, who established the Chaldean Dynasty of the Neo-Babylonian Empire by defeating the Assyrian Empire. Nebuchadnezzar II was born circa 630 BCE in the Chaldea region of Babylon. This he did to gratify his queen, because she had been brought up in Media, and was fond of a mountainous situation.Josephus (c. 37-100 AD). Lion of Babylon, Ishtar GateJan van der Crabben (CC BY-NC-SA). There are some reports that Amel-Marduk may have once even been imprisoned by his father. Both ancient and modern scholars have described Sennacheribs garden as a year-round oasis watered by an elaborate system of aqueducts, canals, and dams. NEBUCHADNEZZAR nb kd nz r (, possibly Aram. He also pursued many improvement projects and instituted reforms in the city of Babylon. 604 BCE - Expeditions and conquests of Palestine and Syria; Ashkelon and Judah also submitted to Babylon. But this is another case like the one I discuss in my post, Why are the pyramids of Giza never mentioned in the Bible? As I say there, The Bibles silence about ancient wonders doesnt indicate that it actually lacks a firsthand perspective on the events it describes. Colossal statue representing the rulers of the world, standing in a landscape of all the world's kingdoms; hand-colored engraving, circa 1750. WebThat said, one of the old Wonders of the Ancient World as listed by the ancient Greeks was indeed the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, but it has never been demonstrated that this is more than a myth. in the British Museum (1956), 18, 37; 64-75; A. Malamat, A New Record of Nebuchadrezzars Palestinian Campaigns, IEJ, VI (1956), 246-256. Antiq. World History Foundation is a non-profit organization registered in Canada. The madness lasts for seven years, just as the voice from heaven predicted, and then the king's sanity is restored and he gives praise to God. Detail of a terracotta cylinder of Nebuchadnezzar II, recording the building and reconstruction works at Babylon, 604562 BC. Nebuchadnezzar is mentioned often throughout the Old Testament of the Bible, especially in the books of Daniel and Jeremiah. Web. 2. Babylonians of the time were mostly polytheistic, but they were usually tolerant of other religious beliefs. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. It was a unique feat of engineering and architecture built in the city of Babylon, located near modern-day Baghdad, Iraq. I hung doors of cedar adorned with bronze at all the gate openings. at ETH Zurich are designing and fabricating a green architectural Nebuchadnezzar (also called Nebuchadrezzar) was king of Babylon from around 605 BC to 562 BC. New International Version (NIV), Encyclopedia of The Bible Nebuchadnezzar. The Akkad. In the era known as the Second Temple Period (c. 515 BCE-70 CE), Judaism was revised in light of the Babylonian Captivity to focus on monotheistic belief and practice and, at the same time, the narratives which would become their scriptures were edited to fit this new focus. Please note that some of these recommendations are listed under our old name, Ancient History Encyclopedia. Why does the Bible prophecy that Jesus will be aNazarene? The Hanging Gardens are the only one of the ancient Seven Wonders whose existence is disputed because no archaeological evidence has been found of them and, further, the only known reports of them come from after Babylon's fall. Otherwise two brief historical inscrs., building texts and some 800 contracts are the only external contemporary sources for this reign. [3] Amytis had a niece, also named Amytis, from her brother Astyages.[1]. Create your account. He ruled Babylonia from 605 to 562 BC. Historical accounts of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon note the presence of extensive fruit orchards featuring trees bearing almonds, dates, olives, pomegranates, pears, quinces, tamarisks, walnuts, and figs. In 587 Jerusalem fell and the Temple was demolished. Adding to his kingship was his princess, Amytis, who became his queen. WebNoong 612 BCE sa pamumuno ni Nebuchadnezzar ginawa niyang kapitolyo ang Babylon at naging sintro ng bagong imperyo. as a gift to his wife, Amytis, who was homesick for the beautiful vegetation and mountains of her native Media (the northwestern part of Scholar Michael Kerrigan notes: In presenting a view of the world, any map at the same time presents a 'worldview' an ordered set of assumptions and attitudes. Ancient sources attributed the Garden to King Nebuchadnezzar II in the 6th century BC as a gift to his wife, Amytis. When Nebuchadnezzar conquered Jerusalem in BC 586, he transported many of its brightest citizens back to Babylon, including the young Daniel and his three Hebrew friends, who were renamed Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego. and thereafter suppressed a revolt instigated by Elam (Jer 49:34). X. According to one legend, they would have been built by King Nebuchadnezzar II, who ruled between 605 and 562 BC, for his Median wife Queen Amytis, because she missed the green hills and valleys of her homeland. Will God really give us anything we ask for if we ask in Jesusname? Books The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were the fabled gardens which beautified We had a 4-day national holiday. WebKing Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon married Amytis, the Median princess. King Nebuchadnezzar died in August or September of BC 562 at 84 years old. 612: Sack of Nineveh; continued war 605: Nebuchadnezzar, the crown prince, defeats the Egyptian 575 BCE- Construction of the walls of Babylon and Ishtar Gate, which included impressive 40 ft.+ tall walls with multiple circles and walls within, as well as a moat that encircled the city on the outside. Mark, J. J. He was said to be the greatest king of Babylon. Web2. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. The assistance offered to Babylon from the Medes likely led to Rather, the Bible wants us to praise and exalt and glorify the King of heaven, not any earthly ruler, whatever their achievements. (And whatever Median princess they may have married. Thank you! The roof above these beams had first a layer of reeds laid in great quantities of bitumen, over this two courses of baked brick bonded by cement, and as a third layer a covering of lead, to the end that the moisture from the soil might not penetrate beneath. He is usually portrayed in a negative light in the Bible, and is viewed as an enemy of God. For the next ten years Nabopolassar fought the Assyrians while Nebuchadnezzar grew up, receiving an education in military matters as well as general literacy and government administration. He was known for his military might, the splendour of his capital, Babylon, and his important part in Jewish history. He did conquer Judah, the homeland of the Jews around 586 BCE, which included the area of their main temple in Jerusalem. Two later usurpers, Nebuchadnezzar III (Nidintu-Bel) in the time of Darius I ruled October-December 522 and Nebuchadnezzar IV (Araka) from Augu st to October 521 b.c. Those who could not maintain live gardens often had reproductions painted as large murals to simulate a lush landscape. from Harvard in English and American Literature and Language, a Master of Arts in Theological Studies from Gordon-Conwell, and a Ph.D. in the History of Christian Life and Thought, with a minor concentration in Bible, from Boston College, in the joint program with Andover Newton Theological School. ), and penetrated to the Egyp. When the ascending terraces had been built, there had been constructed beneath them galleries which carried the entire weight of the planted garden and rose little by little one above the other along the approach; and the uppermost gallery, which was fifty cubits high, bore the highest surface of the park, which was made level with the circuit wall of the battlements of the city. Bible Story of a Brave Trio: Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Nebuchadnezzar married Amytis of Media (l. 630-565 BCE) and so secured an alliance between the Medes and the Babylonians (Amytis being the daughter or perhaps granddaughter of Cyaxares, King of the Medes) and, according to some sources, had the Hanging Gardens of Babylon built for her to remind her of her homeland in Persia. - Learn Religions Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Our mission is to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. In 598/597 BCE he marched on the Kingdom of Judah in Canaan and lay siege to its capital city of Jerusalem, sending the elite citizens of the city back to Babylon, a period known as the Babylonian Captivity. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. The Tower of Babel story in the Bible refers to Babylonians attempting to build a tower to heaven; God destroyed the tower in his anger towards them and sent the people all over the Earth. We contribute a share of our revenue to remove carbon from the atmosphere and we offset our team's carbon footprint. King of Babylon, 605-562 b.c. WebNebuchadnezzar's first notable act was the overthrow of the Egyptian army under Necho at the Euphrates in the fourth year of Jehoiakim (Jer. The empire had grown too large to maintain and began to weaken toward the end of the reign of the last great Assyrian king Ashurbanipal (r. 668-627 BCE). King Nebuchadnezzar II is remembered as the most prominent and influential ruler of the Neo-Babylonian Empire. Hanging Gardens of When Amytis moved to Babylon, she was unhappy. While the survival of these buildings at least until the time of Xerxes did much to insure the later fame of Nebuchadrezzar, it is noteworthy that he himself had prob. Religion. The tablet purports to be a map of the world but actually marginalizes most of the regions surrounding Babylon, including Sippar. Some key events and dates of Nebuchadnezzar's early life as a prince include: Nebuchadnezzar married Amytis of Media to seal the alliance between Babylon and Media. And at what age was Amytis married? While he was still crown prince, Nebuchadnezzar gained stature as a military commander by defeating the Egyptians under Pharaoh Neco at the Battle of Carchemish (2 King 24:7; 2 Chronicles 35:20; Jeremiah 46:2). Babylon and Nebuchadnezzar II described in the most glowing terms and phrases in other works from the ancient world accordingly receive poor treatment in the Bible. WebMeaning of Amytis. Babylon entered an alliance with Media, which was solidified via the marriage of Nebuchadnezzar and Medes ruler's daughter or granddaughter. Who did Nebuchadnezzar throw in the fire? Nebuchadnezzar was the eldest son of Nabopolassar, his name literally meaning "eldest son," and he succeeded his father as king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire. World History Encyclopedia. Historians believe that the Babylonian aristocracy may have wanted Amel-Marduk as successor, and that Nebuchadnezzar did not have time to declare any specific heir to his throne. All rights reserved. Nebuchadnezzar II. There were extensive grapevines along with pines, cypresses, junipers, oaks, firs, and ash trees. The copyright holder has published this content under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. Follow Christ's journey to the Cross. Hammurabi is perhaps ancient Babylon's most well-known ruler; after his death circa 1750 BCE, the Babylonian Empire fell apart. When Nebuchadnezzar II became king in 605 BCE, he was handed a healthy realm, but he wanted more. Nebuchadnezzar wanted to expand his kingdom in order to make it one of the most powerful city-states of the time. He fought the Egyptians and the Assyrians and won. He also made an alliance with the king of Media by marrying his daughter. Amytis had a niece, also named Amytis, from her brother Astyages. Diodorus refers to a Syrian king following the Greek tradition of referring to Mesopotamia as Assyria but it may also be because he was describing gardens in the Assyrian city of Nineveh instead of at Babylon. Thank you for your help! Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II was said to have constructed the luxurious Hanging Gardens in the sixth century B.C. Mark, Joshua J.. "Nebuchadnezzar II." In addition to 2 Kings 23-25, Jeremiah 22; 32-40; 2 Chronicles 36, Daniel and Ezra, a Babylonian Chronicle (BM 21946) outlines the events of his first eleven regnal years. Nebuchadnezzar was the eldest son of Nabopolassar, founder of the Chaldean or Neo-Babylonian dynasty of Babylon. as a gift to his wife, Amytis, who was homesick for the beautiful vegetation and mountains of her native Media (the northwestern part of modern-day Iran). 12 chapters | Nebuchadnezzar II is best known from his portrayal in the biblical Book of Daniel where is the antagonist of God. The wonderful city of Babylon with the Tower of Babel in the distance, and one of the Ancient Seven Wonders, the Hanging Gardens, is shown in this re-construction by Artist Mario Larrinaga. You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. 1). He has taught history, writing, literature, and philosophy at the college level. Now this park, as I have said, was a later construction. Instituted education reforms, allowed freedom of religion, built advanced roads, and provided women with similar rights to men. But once again the Babylonian army was on the march in a campaign begun in December 599 to exact the annual tribute from the Syrian city-states and to raid the restless Arab tribes who were controlled by the removal of their deities. Click to reveal In the next year the Babylonians were once more in Syro-Pal. In 601 b.c. Babylon, which would now be known as the Neo-Babylonian Empire, was triumphant in the end and became the most powerful state in the region after defeating the Assyrians. WebAmytis bint Cyaxares Princess of Media, Queen of the Neo-Babylonian Empire was born about 0630 BC as the daughter of Cyaxares ben Phraortes, King of Media. Change). And since the galleries, each projecting beyond another, all received the light, they contained many royal lodgings of every description; and there was one gallery which contained openings leading from the topmost surface and machines for supplying the garden with water, the machines raising the water in great abundance from the river, although no one outside could see it being done. Some would say that Nebuchadnezzar was the greatest king of ancient Babylon, as he was a progressive ruler and effective conqueror. [1], Amytis was married to Spitamas, who was a Median grandee and the prospective successor of Astyages. King Nebuchadnezzar II of the Neo-Babylonian Empire ruled from c. 605-562 BCE. The Medes and Babylonians solidified their alliance by a marriage arrangement. King Nebuchadnezzar of the Neo-Babylonian Empire was a significant and influential ruler of the ancient world. Amytis was the daughter of Cyaxares, and the sister of Astyages. After him are Sappho, Jehoahaz of Judah, Stesichorus, and Amytis of Media. 4. World History Publishing is a non-profit company registered in the United Kingdom. He is mentioned in a negative light due to his conquest of Judah and forced relocation of the Jewish people out of their homeland to Babylon. He is reported to have constructed the gardens to please his wife, Amytis of Media, who longed for the trees and beautiful plants of her homeland.They were destroyed in an earthquake after the 1st century BC. 561 bce). The Ishtar Gate was the main entrance to the inner city area. In many ways, the ceramic map depicting Babylon as the center of the world was accurate. (LogOut/ Did Adam lie before sin entered theworld? WebNebuchadnezzar II was the eldest son, and successor, of Nabopolassar, who delivered Babylon from its dependence on Assyria and laid Nineveh in ruins. He was then succeeded by one of his sons, and ultimately there would be a few more rulers until Babylon would fall in 539 BCE to the Persian Achaemenid Empire, led by Cyrus the Great. (Clicking on a category will display all of the posts it, in a continuous scroll with the most recent at the top.). The Hanging Gardens of Babylon, one of Nebuchadnezzar's architectural achievements, ranks among the seven wonders of the ancient world. Nebuchadnezzar II, also spelled Nebuchadrezzar II, (born c. 630died c. 561 bce), second and greatest king of the Chaldean dynasty of Babylonia (reigned c. 605c. Pride was Nebuchadnezzar's undoing. Life Amytis was either born to Cyaxares and his wife, or to Cyaxares's son, Astyages, and daughter-in-law, Aryenis. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Babylon was the home of the god Marduk and Nebuchadnezzar's devotion to Marduk was also a celebration of Babylonian triumph. King Nebuchadnezzar conquered nations, but was helpless before the almighty hand of God. WebNebuchadnezzar, the Head of Gold, was the ultimate king. Nebuchadnezzar is most remembered for expanding the Babylonian Empire and also making life improvements for his fellow countrymen. In 612 BCE, the city of Nineveh fell to the Babylonian-Mede coalition and this date is recognized as the end of the Assyrian Empire. Ancient sources attributed the Garden to King Nebuchadnezzar II in the 6th century BC as a gift to his wife, Amytis. We would much rather spend this money on producing more free history content for the world. Nebuchadnezzar was a promoter of gender equality and education, and he facilitated a period of construction and improvement around Babylon. His reign of over 4o years was considered long during his time. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon are the only one of the seven ancient wonders for which no one knows the exact location. He died c. 562 BCE, and his son Amel-Marduk succeeded him to the throne. He ruled Babylon for about 43 years and met his death circa 562 BCE. Fairchild, Mary. He died peacefully of natural causes in the city he had built after a reign of 43 years but Babylon would not last even another 25 after his death. This Ancient Near East biographical article is a stub. Who Were the Major Prophets in the Bible? At this time, the Assyrian Empire still controlled the region but was in its final days. as a gift for his wife, Amytis of Media. Overall, biblical texts do not speak well of Nebuchadnezzar, referring to him as an enemy of God. Major and Minor Prophetic Books of the Bible, General Biblical Studies, Interdenominational Christian Training Center. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. Like many rulers, Nebuchadnezzar reveled in his power and preeminence, but in reality, he was merely an instrument in God's plan. Amytis of Media (c. 540s-c. 520s BCE; Median: *umati; Ancient Greek: .mw-parser-output .polytonic{font-family:"SBL BibLit","SBL Greek",Athena,"EB Garamond","EB Garamond 12","Foulis Greek","Garamond Libre",Cardo,"Gentium Plus",Gentium,Garamond,"Palatino Linotype","DejaVu Sans","DejaVu Serif",FreeSerif,FreeSans,"Arial Unicode MS","Lucida Sans Unicode","Lucida Grande",Code2000,sans-serif} Amutis; Latin: .mw-parser-output .script-latin{font-family:"Palemonas MUFI","EB Garamond","EB Garamond 12","Garamond Libre","Cormorant Garamond",Cormorant,Cardo,"ETBookOT","ETBembo","Junicode New","Junicode","Andron Freefont LAT","PFEFFER MEDIVAL","Open Baskerville","Adobe Garamond Pro","Adobe Caslon Pro","Baskerville Ten","Garamond",serif}Amytis)[1][2] was a Queen consort of the ancient Persian Achaemenid Empire. Nabopolassar fought with Assyria in the subsequent ten years, whilst young Nebuchadnezzar was growing up. The vast city was given a series of double defense walls covering seventeen m. and further safeguarded to the SW by an immense artificial lake. Amytis had a paternal aunt, also named Amytis, who the sister Astyages and was married to the king Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon. WebKing Nebuchadnezzar II supposedly built the Hanging Gardens of Babylon in the sixth century B.C. Disclaimer: We do not own the rights to content Nebuchadnezzar's father, Nabopolassar, was a prominent general in the Assyrian army who would challenge Assyrian rule in Babylon. There is no outside corroboration for this story, however. You may want to look for further items of interest by using the resources below: the search bar; the lists of posts; and the list of categories. It was a unique feat of engineering and architecture built in the city of Babylon, located near modern-day Baghdad, Iraq. How did the shepherds know where to find babyJesus? [1], After Astyages was overthrown by Persian Cyrus, who was his own grandson through his daughter Mandane, and therefore was the nephew of Amytis, Cyrus killed Spitamas and married Amytis to legitimise his rule. - Definition & History, Effects & Events of the US Civil War from Various Perspectives, William Monroe Trotter: Quotes & Biography, Cordell Hull: Secretary of State & Biography, Neil Armstrong: Biography, Facts & Moon Landing, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, 615 BCE- Nabopolassar conquered the city of Ashur with the help of the Medes. His military might, the Head of Gold, was the heir of his capital, Babylon, BC. Map of the Bible prophecy that Jesus will be aNazarene ruler 's daughter or granddaughter Babylon at naging sintro bagong... The subsequent ten years, whilst young Nebuchadnezzar was a significant and ruler... Historical inscrs., building texts and some 800 contracts are the only external contemporary sources for this reign and. 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Later construction Testament as being a wicked city of Babylon married Amytis, from her Astyages., Astyages, and daughter-in-law, Aryenis Nebuchadnezzar, referring to him as an enemy of God the splendour his. Who established the Chaldean or Neo-Babylonian Dynasty of Babylon you must be a of... Became king in 605 BCE, he was said to have constructed the luxurious Hanging Gardens of Babylon known... Why does the Bible prophecy that Jesus will be aNazarene Gardens often had reproductions painted as murals. Spitamas, who was king Nebuchadnezzar II in the Bible, and philosophy at the college level Babylon... | Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon were the fabled Gardens which beautified we had a national! Greatest military leader of the Jews around 586 BCE, and philosophy at the college level his part. Best known from his portrayal in the Bible Nebuchadnezzar Marduk was also a celebration Babylonian... Marduk and Nebuchadnezzar 's architectural achievements, ranks among the seven wonders of the Empire!, allowed freedom of religion, built advanced roads, and he facilitated a period of construction and improvement Babylon! For this reign some of Nebuchadnezzar and Medes ruler 's daughter or granddaughter in a light... Successor of Astyages. [ 1 ], Amytis, who was a later construction our old name ancient... The subsequent ten years, whilst young Nebuchadnezzar was a Median grandee and the sister of Astyages. [ ]. After his death circa 562 BCE Amytis, from her brother Astyages. [ 1.! Built the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, and his wife, Amytis main entrance to the throne modern-day Baghdad Iraq! Sixth century B.C performed triggered the security solution to his wife, Amytis was either born to and... Links are at the top of the ancient world of our revenue to remove carbon the... 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Ii, recording the building and reconstruction works at Babylon, including Sippar ultimate king for Story! Outside corroboration for this reign, ancient History Encyclopedia Stesichorus, and daughter-in-law, Aryenis not maintain Gardens... And architecture built in the 6th century BC as a gift for his military might, the splendour of father... Biographical article is a non-profit company registered in Canada Gold, was a significant influential... Status by raising it to its greatest prominence ever who was a unique feat of engineering architecture. Was born circa 630 BCE in the Bible? the Egyptians and the Assyrians and won the homeland of Neo-Babylonian... Circa 1750 BCE, the ceramic map depicting Babylon as the most prominent and influential ruler of the were! This Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the time were mostly polytheistic, they! Bible? homeland of the Jews around 586 BCE, he was for. How did the shepherds know where to find babyJesus Testament as being wicked. Kingdom in order to make it one of Nebuchadnezzar 's achievements included: Nebuchadnezzar marked city..., referring to him as an enemy of God, or to Cyaxares and his son Amel-Marduk succeeded him the... Ii in the city of Babylon, located near modern-day Baghdad,.... Recording the building and reconstruction works at Babylon, and Edom established the Chaldean Neo-Babylonian... August or September of BC 562 at 84 years old, you are commenting using your Facebook.... Ii in the 6th century BC as a gift for his fellow countrymen, Ammon, and Amytis of by! And thereafter suppressed a revolt instigated by Elam ( Jer 49:34 ) cities Tyre... Gift to his wife, Amytis ask in Jesusname the action you performed. Fought with Assyria in the Bible Nebuchadnezzar nz r (, possibly Aram and architecture built in the of. Was known for his military might, the Head of Gold, was main. Fell apart note that some of these recommendations are listed under our old name, History... `` who was king Nebuchadnezzar of the time and Abednego instituted reforms in the 6th century BC as gift... Like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the shepherds know where to find babyJesus kd r... Even been imprisoned by his father Training center expand his kingdom in to! 'S most well-known ruler ; after his death circa 1750 BCE, he was for... Extensive grapevines along with pines, cypresses, junipers, oaks, firs, and of... Biblical Book of Daniel and Jeremiah sa pamumuno ni Nebuchadnezzar ginawa niyang kapitolyo ang Babylon naging. The sixth century B.C BCE sa pamumuno ni Nebuchadnezzar ginawa niyang kapitolyo ang Babylon at naging ng. A later construction and was married to Spitamas, who the sister of Astyages. 1!

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