[149], Hill people and minority cultures of Laos such as the Hmong, Yao (Mien) (Hmong-Mien), Dao, Shan, and several Tibeto-Burman speaking peoples have lived in isolated regions of Laos for many years. The mining industry of Laos has received prominent attention with foreign direct investments. [96][97] In The Economist's Democracy Index 2016 Laos was classified as an "authoritarian regime", ranking lowest of the nine ASEAN nations included in the study. [citation needed], According to estimates, around 300,000 people fled to Thailand as a consequence of governmental repressions. A Siamese military campaign in Laos in 1876 was described by a British observer as having been "transformed into slave-hunting raids on a large scale".[37]. The National University of Laos, one of the country's three universities, is located in Vientiane. The city is Laos' capital and is located along the banks of the Mekong River. [98][99] Prominent civil society advocates, human rights defenders, political and religious dissidents, and Hmong refugees have disappeared at the hands of Lao military and security forces. Major religion Buddhism. Mountain/hill tribes of mixed ethno/cultural-linguistic heritage are found in northern Laos, which include the Lua and Khmu people who are indigenous to Laos. Recognised asylum seekers were given resettlement opportunities, while the remaining refugees were to be repatriated under guarantee of safety. Other carriers serving the country include Bangkok Airways, Vietnam Airlines, AirAsia, Thai Airways and China Eastern Airlines. Theravada Buddhism is a dominant influence in Lao culture. [38] France rescued King Oun Kham and added Luang Phrabang to the protectorate of French Indochina. The politically and culturally dominant Lao people make up 53.2% of the population, mostly in the lowlands. The country encompasses a total area of 237,955 square km and had a population of 6,492,228 in 2015. [13] Because of its central geographical location in Southeast Asia, the kingdom became a hub for overland trade and became wealthy economically and culturally. The Lao People's Democratic Republic (Laos) is a developing country ruled by a one-party, Communist government. The Patuxay was built in the heart of Lao capital during the 1950s and 1960s to commemorate martyrs who fought..View article. [17][18], The word Laos was coined by the French, who united the three Lao kingdoms in French Indochina in 1893 and named the country as the plural of the dominant and most common ethnic group, the Lao people. [1] These earliest human migrants are Australo-Melanesians associated with the Hoabinhian cultureand have populated the highlands . The Lao National Tourism Administration, related government agencies and the private sector are working together to realise the vision put forth in the country's National Ecotourism Strategy and Action Plan. Collectively, they are known as Lao Soung or highland Laotians. It is bordered by Myanmar (used to be known in English as "Burma") and by China to the northwest, by Vietnam to the east, by Cambodia to the south and by . Vakulchuk, R., Chan, H.Y., Kresnawan, M.R., Merdekawati, M., Overland, I., Sagbakken, H.F., Suryadi, B., Utama, N.A. Export earnings from international visitors and tourism goods are expected to generate 16% of total exports or US$270.3million in 2010, growing in nominal terms to US$484.2million (12.5% of the total) in 2020. [9] Durante o quarto milnio a.C., frascos de sepultamento e outros tipos de sepulcros sugerem uma sociedade complexa em que os objetos de bronze . [87], Lending further support to earlier claims that the government of Laos was persecuting the Hmong, filmmaker Rebecca Sommer documented first-hand accounts in her documentary, Hunted Like Animals,[88] and in a comprehensive report that includes summaries of refugee claims and was submitted to the UN in May 2006. Its first railway line, a short 3-km long metre-gauge railway that connects southern Vientiane to Thailand, only opened in 2009. [144], Laos's population was estimated at 7.45million in 2020, dispersed unevenly across the country. [110][111], Human rights advocates including Vang Pobzeb, Kerry and Kay Danes, and others have also raised concerns about human rights violations, torture, the arrest and detention of political prisoners as well as the detention of foreign prisoners in Laos including at the infamous Phonthong Prison in Vientiane. The national carrier is Lao Airlines. Very few of the Lao refugees, however, were willing to return voluntarily. The city has a tropical monsoon climate, every month . [76], In 1989, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), with the support of the US government, instituted the Comprehensive Plan of Action, a programme to stem the tide of Indochinese refugees from Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia. Vientiane is the capital and largest city in Laos. The 1957 document was abrogated in December 1975, when a communist people's republic was proclaimed. Today, it remains the unofficial tourist capital. Vientiane Capital, the capital city of Lao PDR, is a small, relaxed city, located in the central of Laos. Giant Buddha Statue Plan Rankles Residents of Laos' Capital: Report By Sebastian Strangio A Chinese firm's plans to build a 100-meter-high Buddha statue in low-lying Vientiane encapsulate China . French is used in government and commerce, and Laos is a member of the French-speaking organisation of La Francophonie. An "urban" village is essentially a town.[58]. Zaisan Memorial,Ulan Bator,Mongolia. Thailand (invested US$4.489billion) and Vietnam (invested US$3.108billion) are the second and third largest investors respectively. Capital: Vientiane. Built on three levels, it symbolises the ascent from earth to heaven. The small nation is bordered by China, Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand, and Cambodia. [114][115][116], The Lao economy depends on investment and trade with its neighbours, Thailand, Vietnam, and, especially in the north, China. Bangkok (AFP) - A new $6 billion Chinese-built railway line opens in Laos this week, bringing hopes of an economic boost to the reclusive nation, but experts are questioning the benefits . In 1996 as the deadline for the closure of Thai refugee camps approached, and under mounting political pressure, the United States agreed to resettle Hmong refugees who passed a new screening process. [41] Under French rule, the Vietnamese were encouraged to migrate to Laos, which was seen by the French colonists as a rational solution to a labour shortage within the confines of an Indochina-wide colonial space. Xinhua That Luang Festival celebrated in Vientiane, Laos Candlelight parade surrounding the That Luang Stupa in Lao capital Vientiane on the night of Nov. 11, 2019. . [139]:3940, In 2004 the net primary enrollment rate was 84%. Energy Efficiency Retrofitting of Buildings Challenges and Methods", Diller, Anthony; Edmondson, Jerry; Luo, Yongxian (2004). More than a century later, the kingdom was replaced by the Kingdom of Vientiane in 1707. [123] Approximately 77% of Lao farm households are self-sufficient in rice. The area was originally settled because of the fertility of the surrounding alluvial plains, and Vientiane became the capital city of Laos around the mid 16th century. [155] The National University of Laos is the Lao state's public university. The French language's decline was slower and occurred later than in Vietnam and Cambodia in Laos as the monarchy of Laos had close political relations with France. Population 6.7 million. The indigenous Khmers are believed to have been largely displaced or killed during the 11th and 12th centuries, when the Lao people entered the region. [47][52] Laos was requested in 1979 by Vietnam to end relations with the People's Republic of China, leading to isolation in trade by China, the United States, and other countries. Calculating U.S. Laos is a landlocked country on the Indo-Chinese peninsula between Thailand and Vietnam. Buddha park in Vientiane, Laos. Vang Vieng is located between the Laos capital, Vientiane, and Luang Prabang, both of which have international airports that service direct flights from regional cities. A coup d'tat in 1960 in the Lao capital, Vientiane, deepened the country's political instability. [57], Laos is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia, and it lies mostly between latitudes 14 and 23N (a small area is south of 14), and longitudes 100 and 108E. Vientiane, the capital city of Laos in the 1990s. Vientiane Capital is the home to the most significant . Laos is a part of the Southeast Asian region. [32], In 1520, Photisarath came to the throne and moved the capital from Luang Prabang to Vientiane to avoid a Burmese invasion. [97] The organisation also raised concerns in relation to freedom of expression, poor prison conditions, restrictions on freedom of religions, protection of refugees and asylum-seekers, and the death penalty. Set at the point where the Mekong and Nam Khan rivers meet, Luang Prabang stands in front of a backdrop of a magnificent hilltop temple. Local tradition holds that there are three seasons (rainy, cool and hot) as the latter two months of the climatologically defined dry season are noticeably hotter than the earlier four months. Setthathirath became king in 1548, after his father was killed, and ordered the construction of what became the symbol of Laos, That Luang. [135] The European Council on Trade and Tourism awarded the country the "World Best Tourist Destination" designation for 2013 for architecture and history.[136]. Great day in Vientiane, the capital of Laos. The International Monetary Fund ranked Laos 36th out of 42 Asian countries in 2018. Location: Champasak Province, Laos. Located on the Mekong River the city has 950,000 inhabitants. Laos was then dependent on military and economic aid from the Soviet Union until its dissolution in 1991. The attack resulted in the RLA largely demobilising, leaving the conflict to irregular ethnic Hmong forces of the "Secret Army" backed by the United States and Thailand, and led by General Vang Pao. Find professional Laos Capital videos and stock footage available for license in film, television, advertising and corporate uses. SE Asia. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Area 236,800 sq km (91,400 sq miles) Major languages Lao, French. [65] [121] The irrigated areas under cultivation account for only 28% of the total area under cultivation which, in turn, represents only 12% of all of the agricultural land in 2012. [citation needed], The Lao government controls all media channels to prevent critique of its actions. [46], Male life expectancy at birth was at 62.6 years and female life expectancy was at 66.7 years in 2017. A post-independence civil war began, which saw the communist resistance, supported by the Soviet Union, fight against the monarchy that later came under influence of military regimes supported by the United States. After the Pathet Lao took over the country in 1975, the conflict continued in isolated pockets. Major festivals include Lao New Year celebrated around 1315 April and involves a water festival similar but more subdued than that of Thailand and other Southeast Asian countries. The proto-historic period is characterised by contact with Chinese and Indian civilisations. According to linguistic and other historical evidence, Tai-speaking tribes migrated southwestward to the modern territories of Laos and Thailand from Guangxi sometime between the 8th and 10th centuries. 783.322 c phiu cn li tip tc c FPT Capital . [14] It is a one-party socialist republic, espousing MarxismLeninism and governed by the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, under which non-governmental organisations have routinely characterised the country's human rights record as poor, citing repeated abuses such as torture, restrictions on civil liberties and persecution of minorities. [36], In a time period where the acquisition of humans was a priority over the ownership of land, the warfare of pre-modern Southeast Asia revolved around the seizing of people and resources from its enemies. [12] Its capital and largest city is Vientiane. "Lao Refugees Return Home Under European Union Repatriation Program", Associated Press Worldstream, 22 11, 1994. [70] Laos was admitted into the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in July 1997 and acceded to the World Trade Organization in 2016. A new province, Xaisomboun province , was established on 13 December 2013. Nearly three-quarters of Laos is covered in mountains and forested hills that are too steep to live on. 1353 - Lan Xang (Million Elephants) Kingdom, founded in the 14th century by Fa Ngum. [164] One of the first commercial feature-length films was Sabaidee Luang Prabang, made in 2008. With an estimated population of 760,000 in 2015, the city is also the most populous in the nation. With one-party state status of Laos, the General Secretary (party leader) holds ultimate power and authority over state and government and serves as the supreme leader. . Area 236,800 sq km (91,400 sq miles) Major languages Lao, French. [102][103], However, the government of Laos frequently breaches its own constitution and the rule of law, since the judiciary and judges are appointed by the ruling communist party. [163] The first feature-length film made after the monarchy was abolished is Gun Voice from the Plain of Jars, directed by Somchith Pholsena in 1983, although its release was prevented by a censorship board. [48], Some 80million bombs failed to explode and remain scattered throughout the country, rendering vast swaths of land impossible to cultivate. Additionally, many elite and French-educated Lao immigrated to nations such as the United States and France to escape government persecution. [144], The people of Laos are often categorised by their distribution by elevation: (lowlands, midlands and upper high lands) as this somewhat correlates with ethnic groupings. [90][91][92][93] The Thai foreign ministry has said that it will halt deportation of Hmong refugees held in Detention Centres in Nong Khai, while talks are underway to resettle them in Australia, Canada, the Netherlands and the United States. Capital: Vientiane. At the eve of the Vietnam War, the Secret War was beginning in Laos as political factions between communist Pathet Lao and the government occurred. Vientiane is the largest city in Laos and functions as: Houses the Presidential Palace. Fa Ngum was born into the royal family in Muang Sua, the capital of a small state ruled by King Souvanna Khampong. Tuy nhin, cng ty ch giao dch c 216.678 c phiu theo phng thc tha thun do cha t k vng v gi. In 2010, one in every 11 jobs was in the tourism sector. In a 23 October 1995 National Review article, Michael Johns, the former Heritage Foundation foreign policy expert and Republican White House aide, labelled the Hmong's repatriation a Clinton administration "betrayal", describing the Hmong as a people "who have spilled their blood in defense of American geopolitical interests". Getty Images offers exclusive rights-ready and premium royalty-free analog, HD, and 4K video of the highest quality. "Last month, they the authorities told us they're going to . Metallurgy is an important industry, and the government hopes to attract foreign investment to develop the substantial deposits of coal, gold, bauxite, tin, copper, and other valuable metals. In 2009, despite the fact that the government is still officially communist, the Obama administration in the US declared Laos was no longer a MarxistLeninist state and lifted bans on Laotian companies receiving financing from the US Export-Import Bank.[117][118]. It is a hand-woven silk skirt that can identify the woman who wears it in a variety of ways. One of the most problematic economic sectors in Laos is transport. The Thai government attempted to repatriate these refugees, but the Wat Tham Krabok Hmong refused to leave and the Lao government refused to accept them, claiming they were involved in the illegal drug trade and were of non-Lao origin. Laosul i are originile n Imperiul Lan Xang ce a existat ntre secolele XIV i XVIII.. Dup o perioad de apartenen la Imperiul Colonial . Pha That Luang, the countrys most revered national monuments, is located in Vientiane. Vientiane suffered greatly during the conflict between the kingdom's army and Siamese forces in 1827. English, the language of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), has become increasingly studied in recent years. A major breakthrough occurred in December 2021, when the 414-km long standard-gauge BotenVientiane railway that runs from the capital Vientiane to Boten at the northern border with China, built as part of China's Belt and Road Initiative, was opened. ", "Laos Deputy PM Douangchay Phichit dies in plane crash", "Laos plane crash kills defence minister and senior officials", "Lao Defense Chief Among Plane Crash Victims", "Hmong Leader's Vanishing In Laos Reverberates in U.S.", Reports on results of investigations of allegations concerning the welfare of Hmong refugees and asylum seekers in Thailand and Laos, "Refugee Admissions Program for East Asia", "History of the Hmong Resettlement Task Force", Report on the situation in the Xaysomboun Special Zone and 1100 Hmong-Lao refugees who escaped to Petchabun, Thailand during 20042005, Thailand: EU Presidency Declaration on the situation of Hmong refugees, "Hmong refugees facing removal from Thailand", Deportation of Hmong Lao refugees stopped in last minute, Hmong: UNHCR Protests Refugee Deportation, "Somsanga's Secrets | Arbitrary Detention, Physical Abuse, and Suicide inside a Lao Drug Detention Center", "In charts: How the Philippines fares in Southeast Asia", "Submission to the UN Universal Periodic Review: Eighth session of the UPR Working Group of the Human Rights Council", "Human Rights Watch Concerns on Laos Submitted in advance of the EU-Laos Human Rights Dialogue October 2015", "Human Rights Abuses in Laos Must be Tackled Now", "Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2016", "Free former student leaders arbitrarily detained for 17 years", "Amnesty International Report 2016/17: Laos", "Laos, Vietnam troops kill Hmong Christians", "Laos, Vietnam troops kill four Hmong Christians: NGO", "Two teenagers rescued from forced prostitution in Laos", "Chinese marriage proposals become prostitution nightmares for some Lao girls", "Communism and Capitalism Are Mixing in Laos", https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341793965, "Preparing the Cumulative Impact Assessment for the Nam Ngum 3 Hydropower Project: Financed by the Japan Special Fund", "Briefing note for countries on the 2015 Human Development Report Laos", International Food Policy Research Institute, "UN expert: Lao PDR's economic strategy entrenches poverty", Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, European Council On Tourism And Trade Delegation Visit To Laos-World Best Tourist Destination European Council On Tourism And Trade, "The Lao People's Democratic Republic's Vision for Ecotourism", "China's BRI and its High-Speed Railways to Nowhere", "Focales n 8. [145], In the central and southern mountains, Mon-Khmer-speaking groups, known as Lao Theung or mid-slope Laotians, predominate. Political power is centralized in the Lao People's Revolutionary Party. Laos does not have a well-developed capital market, although government policies increasingly support the formation of capital and free flow of financial resources. [47][46], In 1968, the PAVN launched a multi-division attack to help the Pathet Lao fight the RLA. [100], Ostensibly, the Constitution of Laos that was promulgated in 1991 and amended in 2003 contains most key safeguards for human rights. It briefly gained independence in 1945 after Japanese occupation but was re-colonised by France until it won autonomy in 1949. [35] Anouvong was taken to Bangkok as a prisoner, where he died. [63] There is a distinct rainy season from May to October, followed by a dry season from November to April. Overall, the country extends about 650 miles (1,050 km) from northwest to southeast. In the late 19th century, Luang Prabang was ransacked by the Chinese Black Flag Army. But around the 11th and 12th centuries, the Lao and Thai came from Southern China and overtook the area. He has been General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, a position making him the de facto leader of Laos, since January 2021. Of the almost $6 billion cost for the China-Laos railway, the Chinese government will pay 70 percent. As the country opens up, with an increasing number of roads and bridges being built the tourist attractions are becoming more and more accessible. In 2017, the country sent a team for the first time to the team events at the Southeast Asian Games. The capital of Laos is Vientiane. [49] Due to the particularly heavy impact of cluster bombs during this war, Laos was a strong advocate of the Convention on Cluster Munitions to ban the weapons and was host to the First Meeting of States Parties to the convention in November 2010. 6, "Seventy Years of Anarchy", in. [109], Laos and Vietnamese (SRV) troops were reported to have raped and killed four Christian Hmong women in Xiangkhouang Province in 2011, according to the US-based non-governmental public policy research organisation The Centre for Public Policy Analysis, which also said other Christian and independent Buddhist and animist believers were being persecuted. Soukvimarn is one of the older restaurants in Vientiane and a local favorite. The constitution also contains provisions for gender equality, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and freedom of press and assembly. [95], Human rights violations remain a significant concern in Laos. ::", "Global Religious Landscape; Table: Religious Composition by Country", "Human Development Report 2009. 3. [94] Plans to resettle additional Hmong refugees in the United States were stalled by provisions of President George W. Bush's Patriot Act and Real ID Act, under which Hmong veterans of the Secret War, who fought on the side of the United States, are classified as terrorists because of their historical involvement in armed conflict. Mapcarta, the open map. Bomb Tonnages Dropped on Laos and Cambodia, and Weighing Their Implications", "Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia: analysis of data from the world health survey programme", Politics in Contemporary Southeast Asia: Authority, Democracy and Political Change, Renovation in Vietnam since 1988 a study in political, economic and social change, "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity", "Mekong Divides Different Worlds In 'Golden Triangle', "Opium Poppy Cultivation in South East Asia", "East Asia/Southeast Asia:: Laos The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency", "Laos promotes PM Thongloun as leader of communist party", "OEC Laos (LAO) Exports, Imports, and Trade Partners", "Q+A What is the East Asia Summit all about? Its thickly forested landscape consists mostly of rugged mountains, the highest of which is Phou Bia at 2,818 metres (9,245ft), with some plains and plateaus. It is stretched out on the north-eastern bank of a bend in the Mekong River. Major religion Buddhism. The city of Vientiane is located on the Mekong River's bank near the Laos-Thailand border, and is the seat of the countrys national government. Jaew. A second Provisional Government of National Unity formed by Prince Souvanna Phouma in 1962 was unsuccessful, and the situation steadily deteriorated into large scale civil war between the Royal Laotian government and the Pathet Lao. In 1977, a communist newspaper promised the party would hunt down the "American collaborators" and their families "to the last root". [122] Rice dominates agriculture, with about 80% of the arable land area used for growing rice. [139]:19, The martial art of muay Lao, the national sport,[180] is a form of kickboxing similar to Thailand's muay Thai, Burmese Lethwei and Cambodian Pradal Serey. Life expectancy 65 years (men), 68 years (women) Currency kip . Laos is landlocked (it does not have a coast on a sea or ocean). After the Vietnam War ended in 1975, the communist Pathet Lao came to power, ending the civil war. Laos is the only landlocked nation in Southeast Asia. Lan Xang became an important trade centre during Samsenthai's reign, but after his death in 1421 it collapsed into warring factions for nearly a century. [47] Between 1964 and 1973, the US dropped two million tons of bombs on Laos, nearly equal to the 2.1million tons of bombs the US dropped on Europe and Asia during all of World War II, making Laos the most heavily bombed country in history relative to the size of its population; The New York Times notes this was "nearly a ton for every person in Laos". Laos is a Lao speaking country that does not border with any sea. The main international airports are Vientiane's Wattay International Airport and Luang Prabang International Airport with Pakse International Airport also having a few international flights. About 3km to the north of the city, it is easy to reach the centre from the airport by taxi, tuk tuk or bus. Many elements of Lao culture predate Buddhism. Laos is a landlocked country located in the Indochinese Peninsula. [154] Healthy life expectancy was 54 years in 2007. Its international borders were closed except to trucks carrying goods and in cases allowed by the nation's COVID . The organisation estimates that there are 173,800 French speakers in Laos (2010 est.). The area was originally settled because of the fertility of the surrounding alluvial plains, and Vientiane became the capital city of Laos around the mid-16th century. Pakse. Amongst them, 100,000 Hmongs30% of the entire Hmong populationand 90% of all of Lao intellectuals, specialists, and officials. Lao People's Democratic Republic", Asian Migrations: Social and Geographical Mobilities in Southeast, East, and Northeast Asia, "Release of the Global Innovation Index 2020: Who Will Finance Innovation? Buddha Park, also known as Xieng Khuan, is a . Lao Basics: An Introduction to the Lao Language. [34], Chao Anouvong was installed as a vassal king of Vientiane by the Siamese. As of 2011[update], Nhn Dn ('The People') and the Xinhua News Agency are the only foreign media organisations permitted to open offices in Laosboth opened bureaus in Vientiane in 2011. [141] Laos's predominantly rural[142] population makes investing in sanitation difficult. Travel over the land is hard. settlement scattered around a Hindu temple. The city's central river port location in a country relying heavily on its rivers for transportation and its surrounding hinterland of intensive rice cultivation have made Vientiane the major economic centre of Laos. Vientiane, pronounced as "Viang-chan" in Lao, has been the Laotian capital city for 453 years. Pakse is the capital and most populous city of Champasak Province in Southern Laos. These dishes always contain chili peppers, and usually some type of grilled vegetable, giving them a distinct smoky flavor, and sometimes fermented fish. Laos will . [39] Laos never held any importance for France[40] other than as a buffer state between Thailand and the more economically important Annam and Tonkin. Currently unexploded ordnance (UXO), including cluster munitions and mines, kill or maim approximately 50 Laotians every year. There are two plateaux, the Xiangkhoang in the north and the Bolaven Plateau at the southern end. The Lao Securities Exchange (LSX) began operations in 2011 with two stocks listed, both state-owned - the Banque Pour l'CommerceExterieur (BCEL), and the power generation arm of . [155] Government expenditure on health is about four percent of GDP,[155] about US$18 (PPP) in 2006. "Effects of AFTA on poverty: Evidence from Laos. The new China-Laos passenger and freight railway, serviced by an Electric Multiple Unit (EMU) train, stretches 1,035 kilometers (643 miles) and was designed to link Vientiane with Kunming, capital . In 1960, amidst a series of rebellions in the Kingdom of Laos, fighting broke out between the Royal Lao Army (RLA) and the communist North Vietnamese and Soviet Union-backed Pathet Lao guerillas. Supply of foreign exchange has in the past been limited in Laos, which imposed a de facto limit on repatriation of capital. [46], The official and majority language is Lao, a language of the Tai-Kadai language family. Laos Local Tour Company offers Laos tours, tailor made vacation packages travel services. Government policies are determined by the party through the eleven-member Politburo of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party and the 61-member Central Committee of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party. Laos is thus the 22nd biggest country in Asia and in terms of area ranked 84th worldwide. [43] As a result, 53% of the population of Vientiane, 85% of Thakhek, and 62% of Pakse were Vietnamese, with only the exception of Luang Prabang where the population was predominantly Lao. Laos (/los/ (listen)[9][d]), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao: ), is a socialist state and the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. The revised constitution of 11 May 1957 omitted reference to the French Union, though close educational, health and technical ties with the former colonial power persisted. [50], In 1975 the Pathet Lao overthrew the royalist government, forcing King Savang Vatthana to abdicate on 2 December 1975. [145] The Lao belong to the Tai linguistic group[146] who began migrating south from China in the first millennium CE. Laos Laos is the only . 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V gi Lao language 91,400 sq miles ) Major languages Lao, has increasingly! Problematic economic sectors in Laos ( 2010 est. ) ] These earliest Human migrants Australo-Melanesians... Day in Vientiane and a local favorite do cha t k vng gi. Lao, has been the Laotian capital city of laos capital province in southern.... Km and had a population of 6,492,228 in 2015, the official and majority language is,... Economic sectors in Laos, has become increasingly studied in recent years in government and commerce and! The most significant who fought.. View article it does not border with any sea female life expectancy 65 (! The Mekong River the city is Vientiane in 1975 the Pathet Lao the... Airways and China Eastern Airlines landlocked country on the Indo-Chinese peninsula between Thailand Vietnam... Nearly three-quarters of Laos Buddhism is a developing country ruled by King Souvanna Khampong northwest to Southeast French-educated immigrated...:: '', associated Press Worldstream, 22 11, 1994 including cluster and. By the Siamese the formation of capital and most populous in the central and mountains. Packages travel services 12th centuries, the city has a tropical monsoon climate, month. Tropical monsoon climate, every month every year collectively, they the authorities told US they & x27... Sq miles ) Major languages Lao, a language of the older restaurants in Vientiane and assembly the and... Refugees were to be repatriated under guarantee of safety great day in Vientiane in sanitation difficult 66.7. Over the country include Bangkok Airways, Vietnam, Thailand, and Laos is a Lao speaking country does. Of Lao intellectuals, specialists, and Cambodia speakers in Laos and functions as: Houses the Presidential.... 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