Plateau Mountains rocky2142 rocky2142 03.11.2017 Geography Secondary School answered Relief features of the Tharparkar desert 1 See answer Advertisement Thermal power-generating plants, fueled by coal and oil, supply power only locally in the large towns. Thal Desert 2. Interior deserts are sometimes called inland deserts.The Gobi Desert, in China and Mongolia, lies hundreds of kilometers from the ocean. We gave money to the Namibian Covid-19 response . Deserts occupy more than a fifth of the Earth's surface and are found on every continent (National Geographic, 2017). The name Indus comes from the Sanskrit word "sindhu", meaning "ocean", from which also come the words Sindh, Hindu, and India. Educationist: Zeeshan Hussain (www.OAlevels.com) The relief feature of these mountains includes the high altitude i-e 5000m, mostly Snowy peak with number of glaciers Siachen, Baltro etc. The Desert, and lastly. It has a total area of 175,000 square kilometers that covers the major areas of Pakistan and India. Among the migratory birds, sand grouse, ducks, and geese are common. As a result, wind and water erode the nutrient-rich topsoil. People have adapted to life in the desert for thousands of years.One thing all deserts have in common is that they are arid, or dry. The prevailing languages are Sindhi in the southwest, Lahnda in the northwest, and Rajasthani languagesespecially Marwariin central and eastern portions of the Thar. Twinkl 2014 National Curriculum Resources Geography KS2 Geography Curriculum Human and Physical Geography Describe . Pakistans soils are classified as pedocals, which comprise a dry soil group with high concentrations of calcium carbonate and a low content of organic matter; they are characteristic of a land with low and erratic precipitation. Biology, Ecology, Earth Science, Geology, Meteorology, Geography, Human Geography, Physical Geography, Social Studies, World History. Aridity is the most pervasive aspect of Pakistans climate, and its continental nature can be seen in the extremes of temperature. Apart from wells and tanks, canals are the main sources of water in the desert. People who migrate to the warm, dry desert for the winter and return to more temperate climates in the spring are sometimes called snowbirds.In rural areas, hot days turn into cool nights, providing welcome relief from the scorching sun. 5 0 obj Throughout the Middle East, communities have dug artificial wadis, where freshwater can flow during rainy seasons. South of this region, cultivation is confined mainly to riverine strips until the advent of irrigation. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Topography_of_Pakistan&oldid=1117077755, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 19 October 2022, at 20:30. The fennec fox, for example, is native to the Sahara Desert. The reason is inadequate management and inappropriate consumption. However, it comes at a cost to the environment. The descending air hinders the formation of clouds, so very little rain falls on the land below.The worlds largest hot desert, the Sahara, is a subtropical desert in northern Africa. Encyclopedia Britannica. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Roads and railways are few. They are the consequence of winds of variable direction and great amount of sand. The relief in the area is remarkable due to its sharp contrasts and the multitude and variability of the morphological elements. Thar is the largest desert of Pakistan. Both Islam and Hinduism are practiced, and the population is divided into complex economic and social groups. x\[.PdQM21y[)ly'\JmAb,[o/t -;$}}J.=z]~du]k>Ml^<}nRuxzyUVZ3Y+Vwuc%*!*)[uKK3]j.B\W[NJ<=JuOG`um\IY*Q7iuYp)?f?-]xC%hK 2Q,-$$WG}Hjy`FnfkP"Z]'xbY_K!1\4mqRM#$R-X;*mKn gqnj2\-$/~FJU4.VJjlRlw3Tqm1WU-_[^q],hy~XuvoXn5gIvgmZ\Nu=Y`,fl?n&|ZvqY+m6/){U_|si@[8ox`aXvQ-c{}SR\C6%j [k:zc6Cp##~ZRFZ%&J%F9'1=e(N: ftkh9Y/{$:;We#)VCfewhY5!Xzy2>2\ In the north, northeast and north-west of Pakistan there are three ranges of mountains. The Cholistan desert spans an area of 16,000 square kilometers. Those soils generally are strongly calcareous and have low organic content, but under subhumid conditions their organic content increases. Where water is available, farmers grow crops such as wheat and cotton. However, fennec foxes have adapted so they do not have to drink water at all: Their kidneys retain enough water from the food they eat.Most xerocoles are nocturnal. What is the influence of the Himalayas on Indian Agriculture? Massive inselbergs, or isolated rock masses, often dot otherwise featureless desert plains. Gobi desert. There is a great variety of classification of dunes according to the color of the sand, the direction of the wind, the type of sediment, etc. They are important in forming the monsoon type of climate in India. Rainstorms sometimes come as violent cloudbursts. The desert hosts an annual jeep rally, which draws many tourists. For information on user permissions, please read our Terms of Service. Madagascar, for instance, is a tropical island in the Indian Ocean. GS Paper 1. Here rainfall is very low and large number of sand dunes are found. Under maritime influence, precipitation increases slightly to about 6 inches (155 mm) at Hyderabad and 8 inches (200 mm) at Karachi. The desert presents an undulating surface, with high and low sand dunes separated by sandy plains and low barren hills, or bhakars, which rise abruptly from the surrounding plains. However, some birds, such as the roadrunner, have adapted to life in the desert. Dunes migrate constantly with the wind. Tremors continue in the vicinity of Quetta; the most recent major earthquake occurred in October 2008. List of 5 Famous Deserts of Pakistan: Thar Desert - Biggest Desert of Pakistan Cholistan - Rohi Desert Thal Desert Kharan Desert - Sandy Desert Katpana Desert - Cold Desert So let's have a look: 1. Sometimes, rock is carved into tablelike formations such as mesas and buttes. The hard, flat surface of desert salt flats are often ideal for car racing. Heavy rains . It is separated from the central irrigated zone of the plains by the dry bed of the Ghaggar River in Bahawalpur and the eastern Nara Canal in Sindh. The animals do not store water in their humps, as people once believed. The Nile provides the most reliable, plentiful source of freshwater in the region. Nomads move frequently so their flocks of sheep and goats will have water and grazing land.Besides animals like camels and goats, a variety of desert vegetation is found in oases and along the shores of rivers and lakes. 2 of 5 questions answered correctly. They are found along the Tropic of Cancer, between 15 and 30 degrees north of the Equator, or along the Tropic of Capricorn, between 15 and 30 degrees south of the Equator.Hot, moist air rises into the atmosphere near the Equator. The Sindh government, led by the Pakistan People's Party, had previously claimed that there had been an improvement in the situation in Thar, while, simultaneously, members of the same party denied that hunger and malnutrition had anything to do with the death of hundreds of infants. Seraphic Evil. In other cases, the plains are covered with snow. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Often associated with intense sun and sand, however, they can also be cold. (iii) This region receives very low rainfall, below 150 mm per year. Under the agreement, waters of the Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej rivers are to be made available to the Indira Gandhi Canal mainly to irrigate portions of the Thar in western Rajasthan. These dams, along with a series of headworks and barrages built by the British and expanded since the independence of Pakistan in 1947, are of vital importance to the national economy and played an important role in calming the raging floodwaters of 1992, which devastated large areas in the northern highlands and the Punjab plains. They are accumulations of abundant sand, null or dispersed vegetation and predominantly uniform winds that mold long crests separated by depressions and oriented at right angles obeying the strongest wind current. Mountain soils are both residual (i.e., formed in a stationary position) and transported. Freak FloodsDeserts are defined by their dryness. For instance, it offers some of the most amazing views of sand dunes, the beauty of which is amplified by a flawless canopy of blue sky in the background. /Filter /FlateDecode There are three relief (Physical Features) of Pakistan. Along the coastal strip, the climate is modified by sea breezes. Several playas (saline lake beds), locally known as dhands, are scattered throughout the region. This can reduce the already limited plant life in deserts.Climate change also affects rainfall patterns. Flat areas are smooth on the map, areas with steep slopes and mountains appear more rough. Some areas of the Atacama are often covered by fog. The desert spans an area of square kilometers and is surrounded by northwestern scrub forests. Areas facing reduced precipitation include areas with some of the largest deserts in the world: North Africa (Sahara), the American Southwest (Sonoran and Chihuahuan), the southern Andes (Patagonia), and western Australia (Great Victoria).In literature and in legend, deserts are often described as hostile places to avoid. The Sindh. Figs, olives, and oranges thrive in desert oases and have been harvested for centuries.Some desert areas rely on resources brought from more fertile areasfood trucked in from distant farmlands or, more frequently, water piped from wetter regions. The shallow lakes that form in basins eventually evaporate, leaving playas, or salt-surfaced lake beds. % Most of the Balochistan plateau, especially in the west and south, is exceptionally dry. The Thar Desert is one of the biggest deserts in Pakistan. The plants soak up water quickly and store it in their cells. Coastal areas, The Salt Range is a hill system in the Punjab province of Pakistan, deriving its name from its extensive deposits of rock salt. These soils vary in texture, chemical composition, colour, and organic content from place to place. << Interior DesertsInterior deserts, which are found in the heart of continents, exist because no moisture-laden winds reach them. Thar Desert - Biggest Desert of Pakistan: Our list is top with Thar, the biggest desert of Pakistan. Over time, the plateaus become very narrow because of the strong wind blowing and then they are called isolated hills. It has deserts, coastal areas, mountains, and plateaus. . Xerocoles include species of insects, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Water resources are getting depleted leading to the water crisis in Pakistan. Kaffiyehs are secured around the head with a cord called an agal. There are five major breeds of cattle in the Thar. Such a surface is called a desert flat or llano. Thal Desert The areas of Mianwali, Sargodha, Muzaffar Garh and Dera Ghazi Khan districts in the province of Punjab are called Thal desert. Most of the deserts inhabitants reside in rural areas and are distributed in varying densities. High elevations modify the climate in the cold, snow-covered northern mountains; temperatures on the Balochistan plateau are somewhat higher. This project, a childhood ambition, will continue to strive in alleviating child poverty in Pakistan. Shaded relief map. . The khajri (or khejri) tree (Prosopis cineraria) grows throughout the plains. The rainy monsoon winds, the exact margins of which vary from year to year, blow in intermittent bursts, and most moisture comes in the summer. [2] The Sutlej river, however, is mostly on the Indian side of the border. This desert consists of a very dry part, the Marusthali region, in the west, and a semi-desert region in the east with fewer sand dunes and slightly more precipitation. About 90 major, inhabited oases dot the Sahara. Winds N at 5 to 10 mph.. Tonight Pakistans continental type of climate is characterized by extreme variations of temperature, both seasonally and daily. In some cases, when deserts approach the coasts or there is a presence of water a little higher, uadis and salinas can be seen. Growing plants are xerophiles such as cactus, palm trees and bromeliads, which have thorns in their hard bark to prevent predators draining the water they have stored to survive long periods. At least 20,000 people were killed. Among those the Tharparkar breed is the highest yielder of milk, and the Kankre breed is good both as a beast of burden and as a milk producer. These spinning columns of dirt can rise hundreds of feet in the air. The rains usually do not exceed 25 cm per year, or what is equal to 10 inches (Geology.com, 2017). The desert extends over a length of 305km and has a width varying from 32km to as . Many escape the heat in cool burrows they dig in the ground. The uniqueness of Pakistans topography is also backed by the fact that around 10% of its total land has been covered with different types of barren lands, commonly known as deserts. Mexican access to the Colorado, which has its delta in the Mexican state of Baja California, was ignored. Approximately 42% (or 7,00,000 sq km) of the Indian peninsula is occupied by the . The subtropical desert climate there results from persistent high pressure and subsidence at that latitude. The Thar Desert covers some 77,000 square miles (200,000 square km) of territory. Pakistanhosts fivedesertswhich were at some point historical forests. The Indus Valley Plain is a flat landform in Pakistan, built up over centuries by sediment.It uses many resources from theIndus river.Most of it is in the Punjab province.. It seeps into the ground, where it can remain for thousands of years.Underground water sometimes rises to the surface, forming springs or seeps. 'y~q4[{z#u!! Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Thar desert is located northwest of the Aravali hills. In the delta the estuarine soils are excessively saline and barren. However, sugar cane is also harvested in the deserts of Pakistan and Australia. It can be folded and unfolded to cover the mouth, nose, and eyes. They are geographic features of the desert (Kalman & Mac Aulay, 2008, page 20) that are constructed by the wind (George, 2007, p.195) with soft, uniform layers. They are artificial deposits of dry river beds that only fill with water in the rainy season and then dry again when the rainfall ends so they are not long lasting. A coastal desert may be almost totally rainless, yet damp with fog.The Atacama Desert, on the Pacific shores of Chile, is a coastal desert. TheKharan Desert is asandyand mountainousdesertsituated inBaluchistanin south-westernPakistan. The Thar Desert spans an area of 175,000 square kilometers and covers large areas of Pakistan and India. The soils are generally infertile and, because of severe wind erosion, are overblown with sand. "We mobilised close to half-a-billion Namibia dollars in just about three years. States of the Colorado River Basin continue to negotiate today to prepare for population growth, agricultural development, and the possibility of future droughts.Life in the DesertPlants and animals adapt to desert habitats in many ways. Many of these people rely on centuries-old customs to make their lives as comfortable as possibleCivilizations throughout the Middle East and Maghreb have adapted their clothing to the hot, dry conditions of the Sahara and Arabian deserts. The high Himalayan ranges border Pakistan to the north. The amount of annual rainfall in the desert is generally low, ranging from about 4 inches (100 mm) or less in the west to about 20 inches (500 mm) in the east. Trees shed their leaves to avoid excessive moisture loss. Pakistan has two major river dams: the Tarbela Dam on the Indus River, near the early Buddhist site at Taxila, and the Mangla Dam on the Jhelum River, where Punjab borders Azad Kashmir, built as part of the Indus Basin Project. A turban is similar to a kaffiyeh, but wrapped around the head instead of being secured with an agal. In stark contrast to its arid desert landscape, the desert is home Dodhla Forest, one of Pakistans most well-protected rainforest. Found in different regions across the country, the deserts of Pakistan are best-known for their unique features, which also differentiates them from each other. The booming Inland Empire of southeastern California is made up of deserts (the Mojave and the Sonoran) that rely on water for agriculture, industry, and residential development. The northern and western mountains are the Korakoram, the. The geography of India is constituted by these relief features. Famous deserts of Pakistan, Pakistan is a country located in South Asia and occupies a total area of 827,913 square kilometres, making it the sixth-largest country in the world.It also has an estimated population of 207 million. These funds, he said, are yet to be accounted for publicly. Answer (4) Gobi Desert. It is located in the southeastern part of Pakistan in the Sindh Province. The contrast between these ranges is geologically interesting. He Desert relief Typically has plains or plains, a variety of dunes and plateaus. The presence of Derawar fort, which is a historical structure standing with all its magnificence to date, hints towards the historical significance of the Cholistan desert. That distinction belongs to Death Valley, in California's Mojave Desert. This is called the urban heat island effect. These soils vary in texture, chemical composition, colour, and organic content from place to place. The Sahara Desert is almost the size of the entire continental United States. The semi-arid region of the Thar Desert is called "Bagar". Deserts are divided into these types according to the causes of their dryness.Subtropical DesertsSubtropical deserts are caused by the circulation patterns of air masses. Seeking greater economic opportunities, farmers in Madagascar engaged in slash-and-burn agriculture. Winds that reach the Gobi have long since lost their moisture. Hydrogen molecules in the fat combine with inhaled oxygen to form water. Almost the entire continent of Antarctica is a polar desert, experiencing little precipitation. The interior dunes of the desert are scarce in nutrients and water. The Mojave Desert, in southern California and Nevada, for instance, is sinking due to aquifer depletion. The Desert is also listed on number 16 for being the largest desert in the world and the third-largest desert in Asia. A large saguaro is a living storage tower that can hold hundreds of liters of water.Other desert plants have very deep roots. The environmental impact of dams was not considered when the structures were built. A flash flood like this can sweep away anything and anyone in its path. If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media. Leeward slopes face away from prevailing winds.When moisture-laden air hits a mountain range, it is forced to rise. Other subtropical deserts include the Kalahari Desert in southern Africa and the Tanami Desert in northern Australia.Coastal DesertsCold ocean currents contribute to the formation of coastal deserts. Tien Shan also has more than 10,100 square kilometers (3,900 square miles) of glaciers. Pakistan is situated on the edge of a monsoonal (i.e., wet-dry) system. This area is subject to frequent seismic disturbances because the tectonic plate under the Indian plate collides with the plate under Eurasia as it continues to move northward and to push the Himalayas ever higher. A soaking rain can change a desert into a wonderland of flowers almost overnight. The resulting fences break the force of the wind at ground level, stopping dune movement by confining the sand within the squares of the grid.New technologies are also being developed to combat desertification. "We have examined the interim applications which have now been filed by various group of companies for recalling of the order dated November 7, 2022, pursuant to which we consciously recalled our . Please select which sections you would like to print: Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. These mountain ranges extend from west to east, from the Indus to the Brahmaputra. A thunderstorm can send a fast-moving torrent of watera flash flooddown a dry arroyo. Good aquifers have been detected in the central part of the desert. All these geographical features are spread over India. Potwar Plateau and Salt Range 5. Abstract. These oases are supported by some of the worlds largest supplies of underground water. Topography and Drainage. Hydroelectric power is supplied by the Nangal power plant located on the Sutlej River in Punjab. One railway line serves the southern part of the region. As the muddy water roars downhill, it cuts deep channels, called arroyos or wadis. 'Indira Gandhi Canal' is the longest canal in Country (650 kms) watering part of the Thar desert. Animals that have adapted to a desert environment are called xerocoles. The highest temperature on Earth was recorded there:56.7 C (134.1 F).The largest polar desert is Antarctica, at 13 million square kilometers (5 million square miles). The Indus River basin is a large, fertile alluvial plain formed by silt from the Indus. The irrigation project, which facilitated the emergence of intensive cultivation despite semi-arid conditions, resulted in important social and political transformations. Lake Chad is a source of freshwater for four countries on the edge of the Sahara Desert: Chad, Cameroon, Niger, and Nigeria. Pakistan is one of the few countries in the world that has all regions. Your time: 00:01:07. Top 5 reasons to visit Pakistan. The presence of several transverse dunes reminiscent of the waves of the sea, reason why sometimes they are called sea of sand. A major earthquake centred in the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa's Kohistan District in 1965 also caused heavy damage. Spas ring the Dead Sea, a saline lake in the Judean Desert of Israel and Jordan. Trees and other vegetation are being planted to break the force of the wind and to hold the soil. Of 175,000 square kilometers ( 3,900 square miles ) of glaciers mountain soils are both residual (,. High pressure and subsidence at that latitude reach them, lies hundreds of feet in area., because of the desert are scarce in nutrients and water, mountains, and continental... Are both residual ( i.e., formed in a stationary position ) and transported leading to the Brahmaputra salt-surfaced... The fat combine with inhaled oxygen to form water subsidence at that latitude in southern California and,... 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